白色马桶帮您辨认出可疑症状，一文读懂尿路上皮癌如何治疗

哌用于放弃过含锂治疗和PD-(L)1类似物治化学疗法的渐进里面叶或很高血压尿路上皮肺帕金森氏症状[13]。现阶段，戈沙妥木哌已经在全国性申请母公司，看来很快就能带进全国性里面叶尿路上皮肺癌口服治化学疗法的新考虑。参考文献：[1]. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel R L, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries[J]. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 2021, 71(3): 209-249.[2]. Wu F, Wang T. Risk assessment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma related to aristolochic acid[J]. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 2013, 22(5): 812-820.[3]. Chen X P, Xiong G Y, Li X S, et al. Predictive factors for worse pathological outcomes of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: experience from a nationwide high‐volume centre in C hina[J]. BJU international, 2013, 112(7): 917-924.[4]. MUNOZ J J, ELLISON L M. Upper tract urothelial neoplasms: incidence and survival during the last 2 decades[J]. The Journal of urology, 2000, 164(5): 1523-1525.[5]. Månsson Å, Anderson H, Colleen S. Time lag to diagnosis of bladder cancer–influence of psychosocial parameters and level of health-care provision[J]. Scandinavian journal of urology and nephrology, 1993, 27(3): 363-369.[6]. Fang D, Gong Y Q, Singla N, et al. The significance of the initial symptom in Chinese patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma: Regular health examination is still underutilized[J]. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018, 34(9): 511-521.[7]. David K A, Mallin K, Milowsky M I, et al. Surveillance of urothelial carcinoma: stage and grade migration, 1993–2005 and survival trends, 1993–2000[J]. Cancer: Interdisciplinary International Journal of the American Cancer Society, 2009, 115(7): 1435-1447.[8]. Bajorin D F, Witjes J A, Gschwend J E, et al. Adjuvant nivolumab versus placebo in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma[J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2021, 384(22): 2102-2114.[9]. Bukhari N, Al-Shamsi H O, Azam F. Update on the treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma[J]. The Scientific World Journal, 2018, 2018.[10]. Fradet Y, Bellmunt J, Vaughn D J, et al. Randomized phase III KEYNOTE-045 trial of pembrolizumab versus paclitaxel, docetaxel, or vinflunine in recurrent advanced urothelial cancer: results of> 2 years of follow-up[J]. Annals of Oncology, 2019, 30(6): 970-976.[11]. Loriot Y, Necchi A, Park S H, et al. Erdafitinib in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma[J]. New England Journal of Medicine, 2019, 381(4): 338-348.[12]. Zaman S, Jadid H, Denson A C, et al. Targeting Trop-2 in solid tumors: future prospects[J]. OncoTargets and therapy, 2019, 12: 1781.[13]. Loriot Y, Balar A V, Petrylak D P, et al. 700P Efficacy of sacituzumab govitecan (SG) by trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2) expression in patients (Pts) with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC)[J]. Annals of Oncology, 2021, 32: S712-S713.。

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